Teaching started in the disused District Court House, expanded into Admiralty House and, in , into the original Parliament Building. In , the Choral Hall was purchased and, in , the College occupied the building vacated by the Grammar School. There were few students: 95 in , by Some had not passed the matriculation examination and were not studying for degrees.
Most were part-time, trainee teachers and law clerks, with music students from onwards, and commerce students by The early College struggled to keep its small staff — some left for positions in Australia and elsewhere.
Most of the remainder grew increasingly out-of-date in their subjects. There was no system of sabbatical or study leave until the s. The staff lectured for very long hours and, in general, the students were given a good, traditional undergraduate education. Research was not expected and was rarely done. In some subjects, research was impossible. For instance, the Library took no mathematical journals, so the mathematicians knew little about recent work.
Some students, however, started to carry out good research, notably in Chemistry. Under their leadership the University started to change. The first New Zealand graduates with postgraduate education abroad were appointed to the staff, notably the very able economist, Horace Belshaw, the philosopher R. Anschutz, and the physicist P. An excellent researcher, W. Short, was appointed as a lecturer in Chemistry. Some advances were made in providing professional education.
The only such education offered at the College was in Law, which attracted large numbers of students. In , the College established a School of Mining, which slowly and covertly was turned into a 'School of Engineering'. After fierce battles with Canterbury, fired by provincial rivalry, the Auckland School received University recognition for its teaching in the first two professional years. Students then had to go to Canterbury to complete the final year of their degree.
In , the College began instruction in Architecture. During the Depression of the early s, the College experienced its first dispute over academic freedom. The temporary appointment of a lecturer in History, J. Beaglehole, later a world-famous scholar, was terminated, his friends believed, because of a letter he wrote to a newspaper defending the right of communists to distribute their literature.
This episode led to a Council election in which the liberal, Hollis Cocker, defeated a conservative candidate. The College Council then adopted resolutions in favour of academic freedom and received the undeserved congratulations of the British academic establishment, including Lord Rutherford and Wittgenstein.
Around the same time, the College enrolled a lively group of students led by James Bertram, who established a new literary journal, Phoenix. This journal was the focus for the first literary movement in New Zealand history and featured the works of Allen Curnow, A.
Fairburn, R. Mason and other distinguished writers. The College received great intellectual stimulus in when four new professors arrived: H. Forder, a very able mathematician; Arthur Sewell, a brilliant lecturer in English; a classicist C. Cooper; and a new historian, James Rutherford. The College gained its first academic leader in the s, when the Council appointed a Principal later Vice-Chancellor K. Maidment, a Classics don from Merton College, Oxford. He came in and remained for two decades.
Maidment faced a further, fierce "site row". The Council wanted to move the College to a larger site out of town. Both academic staff and the public were deeply divided over the issue, which was resolved in the University was to stay where it was.
In , the slow move towards autonomy was marked by legislation that changed the title of the College to the University of Auckland while leaving the functions and powers of the University of New Zealand intact.
The "site row" held up the building programme for about six years, while student rolls rose rapidly, to 4, by , with the result that there was overcrowding in quite inadequate buildings. Universities everywhere were expanding rapidly.
New Zealand academic salaries could not compete with those of overseas universities and many able Auckland staff left for positions in Australian and other universities. Despite these problems, there was significant progress. There was a new emphasis on staff research.
Many of the new and younger academics became very active researchers, reflected in the growing lists of staff publications.
In the s, the Report of the Hughes Parry Committee led to major improvements in University conditions and governance. Staff salaries were raised. For the first time, the students were given fairly generous bursaries, which led to a rapid increase in the proportion of full-time students.
The government grant to the University rose rapidly. In , the University at last became independent when the University of New Zealand was abolished. Over the next two decades the campus was transformed as a massive building programme began and one large building after another was erected: Fine Arts, Science, Engineering buildings, a Student Union, a new Library. In , teaching commenced in the new Medical School on the Grafton Campus.
By the end of the s Auckland had the largest University Library in the country. When Dr Maidment departed in , there were 9, students.
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