This is why electrical soldering can be done using a soldering iron while most plumbing soldering uses a gas torch to heat up the metals. Electrical solders also tend to be smaller gage, which means they melt faster, as opposed to plumbing solder which is usually thicker gage and requires more heat to melt. Within plumbing applications, another distinction is whether the pipes are used in drainage or for drinking water. For the former, lead-based solder is acceptable.
However, most local codes call for lead-free solder to be used on all potable water plumbing connections. Perhaps the key difference between electrical and plumbing solder is the type of flux used in each application. Apply the solder to the pipe. Keep adding solder until the entire joint is covered 8. Clean the pipe with a cloth. Without flux, the copper will oxidize as it heats up and will prevent a good fit as you put the fittings on the pipe.
The flux will prevent the oxidation process from starting and allow the pipe to heat up so you can melt the solder when you add it to the pipe.
One verified user on Amazon has been using Oatey solder for many years and has not run in to any issues. His main application has been in the crawl space beneath his home. One user replaced his water heater himself to save on large plumbing bills. The only additional thing he needed was a propane torch. Oatey is an ISO certified company that manufactures plumbing products in the United States and around the world. The basic difference between soldering and brazing is the temperature necessary to melt the filler metal.
Above that temperature, the process is brazing. The primary element used in solder filler metals is tin Sn , because tin has affinity for copper and wants to adhere to the copper alloy tube and fitting. However, the use of pure tin Sn would make a very weak joint, and as with any pure metal would be very difficult to work with. Therefore, other elements are added to alloy with the tin to provide strength and make the filler metal easier to use.
Because of nationally mandated requirements set forth in the Safe Drinking Water Act, lead bearing solders were prohibited for use in potable drinking water systems.
These consist of alloys that are still primarily tin with the addition of various combinations of other elements, such as nickel, bismuth, antimony, silver and even copper. Brazed joints are generally used to achieve higher joint strength or fatigue resistance. To accomplish this, filler metals stronger than those composed primarily of tin must be used. However, this increased strength generally comes from filler metals made of materials that melt at higher temperatures.
The most commonly used brazing filler metal types, used to join copper tube and fittings fall into two distinct categories:.
A good sandpaper cloth is necessary to clean the outside of the copper pipe. To clean the inside of the copper fittings, use a fitting brush. The wire bristles can prime the inside of the fitting to make good contact with the pipe. A fire cloth, a spray bottle with water, and a fire extinguisher are very important to have on hand when soldering copper pipe so that nothing catches on fire.
There are kits you can buy that have most of the basic soldering tools in them, which will often save you money. Consider that option unless you are looking at buying specific items such as a better-than-average torch, more solder, or a specific flux.
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